pretraining — The first, biggest phase of building a model: training it on enormous amounts of text so it learns language, facts, and reasoning in general.
AI agent — An AI system that doesn't just answer once but works toward a goal in a loop — taking actions, reading the results, and deciding what to do next.
Why it matters
A production-scale argument against modular AI agentAn AI system that doesn't just answer once but works toward a goal in a loop — taking actions, reading the results, and deciding what to do next.Full definition → orchestration: internalizing workflow logic into the model removes the cascading errors and latency that come from patching a chain of components.
