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Neo4j Neocarta: building a semantic layer graph over a warehouse schema

From AI on Your Lakehouse: Context Comes in Shapes, Not Queries — Zach Blumenfeld, Neo4j · ≈22:45

“An ontology helps something interpret and reason about the data.”

“A semantic layer helps something understand what the consistent agreed upon terms are so it can query the data accurately.”

What’s in it
  • Explains how to build a semantic layer for AI agents using Neo4j
  • Shows how Neocarta turns BigQuery metadata into a queryable graph
  • Clarifies the difference between ontologies and semantic layers for AI systems
Clip transcript
bucket of of PDF files. And so what we want to do here is to help our agent be able to effectively join everything together, we're going to give it a graph representation of a semantic layer. And to build that semantic layer, we're going to use something called Neoarta. Um Neoarta is a labs project. So at Neo Forj, we have our core engineering, which is like our, you know, cloud SAS platform, um our graph analytics stuff and all of that. But we also have labs projects where we move a little bit faster. Um, and inside of that labs project, we created this neocarta. Um, and what it does is it creates a metadata graph. Um, also although we're not leveraging it here, you can add business terminology and business processes and a whole bunch of other things into a graph structure. Um, and if you think about it, people, you know, these words ontology and semantic layer and all these things are kind of they're thrown around a lot lately, especially this summer. And so the the basic uh mental paradigm that I use to kind of think through these is an ontology helps something interpret and reason about the data. A semantic layer helps something understand what the consistent agreed upon terms are so it can query the data accurately. Um and then at Neo Forj we have other things like virtual graph. There's a link in here in the course which will actually give you a sort of a a federated graph view of your SQL data that you can um that you can query over directly with cipher. We won't be using that here, but there there is um sometimes uh value in in giving sort of a graph view of the schema. Um but anyway, what Neo Carter will do is it we'll see in this next section um uh it has an MCP server basically that will sort of suck all the data in from the um from BigQuery just the metadata and it will create this graph.
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