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Start evals dirty: five examples beat waiting for the perfect harness

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Andrew Ng@AndrewYNg

I’ve noticed that many GenAI application projects put in automated evaluations (evals) of the system’s output probably later — and rely on humans to judge outputs longer — than they should. This is because building evals is viewed as a massive investment (say, creating 100 or 1,000 examples, and designing and validating metrics) and there’s never a convenient moment to put in that up-front cost. Instead, I encourage teams to think of building evals as an iterative process. It’s okay to start with a quick-and-dirty implementation (say, 5 examples with unoptimized metrics) and then iterate and improve over time. This allows you to gradually shift the burden of evaluations away from humans and toward automated evals. I wrote previously in The Batch about the importance and difficulty of creating evals. Say you’re building a customer-service chatbot that responds to users in free text. There’s no single right answer, so many teams end up having humans pore over dozens of example outputs with every update to judge if it improved the system. While techniques like LLM-as-judge are helpful, the details of getting this to work well (such as what prompt to use, what context to give the…

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Andrew Ng recommends treating automated AI evaluations as something to develop alongside the application. His proposal starts with a few examples and a narrow check, such as whether a support requests the right refund operation, while people continue judging qualities the check misses.

The itself then needs testing: when skilled human reviewers prefer one system version, its automated score should reflect that preference. Disagreement is a reason to revise the evaluation. Five examples are therefore a starting prototype whose coverage grows through use.

Terms in this piece · Glossary
  • AI agent — An AI system that doesn't just answer once but works toward a goal in a loop — taking actions, reading the results, and deciding what to do next.
  • eval — A repeatable test for AI quality — a set of tasks plus scoring — used the way software teams use test suites, because model output is too variable to judge by eyeballing.
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